中共中央、国务院昨日印发《关于发展新质生产力的意见》，这是推动国家高质量发展的重磅顶层设计文件。该意见围绕科技创新、产业融合、绿色发展、体制机制改革及人才工作创新等五大领域，部署了19项重点措施，以加快形成与新质生产力相适应的生产关系。意见中提出的「创新主导、改革为要、因地制宜」等原则，也为香港推动创科发展提供了清晰指南。

当前，国家正处在推进强国建设和经济高质量发展的关键时期，依靠要素投入、规模扩张的旧经济增长模式已难以为继，迫切需要摆脱传统路径。在劳动、资本等传统生产要素保持不变或增幅较小的前提下，通过推进技术革新、优化资源配置，促进生产效率大幅增长。另一方面，全球以人工智能、量子科技、生物制造等为代表的前沿科技正在加速突破，成为大国博弈的核心。国家需要更好发挥举国体制等制度优势，并鼓励有实力的私有企业参与国家重点项目，实现前沿科技的突破，避免受制于人。

随着「DeepSeek时刻」一再出现，印证中国在推动新质生产力方面成就巨大，已成为全球创新大国。在电动车、新电池、光伏等不少领域，中国居于全球前列。与此同时，一些地方也出现一哄而上、盲目跟风上项目、脱实就虚等倾向。中央此时出台文件，旨在加强规范，坚持企业主体，确保高质量发展不走偏、不冒进、不泡沫化，为新质生产力发展奠定坚实的基础。

文件涵盖面广，指导性强，大幅提升全要素生产率是核心所在。文件强调以科技创新为引领，推动技术革命性突破和生产要素的创新性配置。一方面，以「人工智能＋」行动全面改造传统产业；另一方面，前瞻性布局低空经济、商业航天、量子科技等战略性新兴与未来产业，避免「内卷式」竞争。文件特别强调要推动科技体制改革，打破束缚数据要素、科技成果转化的堵点卡点，引导天使投资、风险投资等「耐心资本」，精准支持硬科技发展。

这份文件为国家新质生产力发展指航导向，注入新动能。文件强调的「创新主导、改革为要、因地制宜、先立后破」等原则，也为香港加快北都建设、以创新科技推动经济转型指明方向。发展新质生产力，绝非盲目「求新」或抛弃传统优势，也不是内地有什么、香港也要发展什么，而是立足香港「背靠国家、联通世界」的定位，有针对性地推动一些重点领域的突破。香港首份五年规划聚焦十六大科技重点，特别是人工智能、微电子、生命健康科技等，切合香港的实际情况。

发展新质生产力投资巨大，特区政府在动用公帑支持的同时，更要善用市场力量。香港作为国际金融中心，应进一步优化上市融资制度与并购重组机制，引导国际及本地资本转化为支持创新发展的耐心资本，补齐创科生态圈的资金短板。同时，香港要进一步优化人才引进政策，打造国际高端人才聚集高地，在为国家高质量发展贡献香港力量的进程中，实现香港的高质量发展。

节录自《大公报》

2026年10月10日社评

Through reform and innovation to substantially upgrade new-quality productive forces

The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council yesterday issued the Opinions on Developing New-Quality Productive Forces, a landmark top-level design document for promoting high-quality national development. The document outlines 19 key measures across five major areas—scientific and technological innovation, industrial integration, green development, institutional and structural reforms, and innovation in talent-related-work—to accelerate the formation of production relations compatible with new-quality productive forces. Principles set forth in the document, including "innovationdriven, reform-oriented and tailored to local conditions", also provide clear guidance for Hong Kong to boost its innovation and technology development.

China now is at a critical juncture in stepping up its efforts to build a great country and pursue high-quality economic development. The old economic growth model relying on factor inputs and scale expansion is no longer sustainable, creating an urgent need to break away from conventional development paths. Under the premise that traditional factors of production such as labor and capital remain unchanged or gain only small increases, significant growth in production efficiency can be achieved through technological innovation and optimized resource allocation. On the other hand, cutting-edge technologies represented by artificial intelligence (AI), quantum technology and biomanufacturing are stepping up their breakthroughs globally and now is central to great power competition. The nation must fully leverage its institutional advantages such as its system of being able to mobilize the resources nationwide, and encourage capable private enterprises to participate in key national projects, so as to achieve breakthroughs in frontier technologies and avoid having to be under others' thumb.

Repeated appearances of the "DeepSeek moment" bear witness to China's tremendous achievements in promoting new-quality productive forces, making it a global innovation powerhouse. China now ranks among the world's leaders in many fields such as electric vehicles, new-generation batteries and photovoltaics. At the same time, however, some tendencies have also emerged that certain regions tend to jump on the bandwagon, rushing headlong into launching projects, blindly following the trend and turning away from the real economy toward speculation. By releasing this document at this moment, the central authorities aim to strengthen regulation, maintain the dominant role of enterprises, and ensure that high-quality development stays on course without over-hasty moves or asset bubbles, thus laying a solid foundation for the growth of newquality productive forces.

The document is comprehensive and highly instructive, with a core focus on significantly improving total factor productivity. It emphasizes taking scientific and technological innovation as the lead and promoting revolutionary breakthroughs in technology and innovative allocation of production factors. On one hand, the "AI+"　　initiative will comprehensively transform traditional industries. On the other, forward-looking arrangements will be made for emerging and future strategic industries, such as the low-altitude economy, commercial aerospace and quantum technology, to avert "rat race" competition. The document particularly stresses the need to promote the reform of the science and technology system, breaking down barriers that hinder the transformation of data elements and scientific and technological achievements, and guiding "patient capital" such as angel investment and venture capital to precisely support the development of hard technologies.

This document charts the course and injects fresh impetus for the development of the nation's new-quality productive forces. The principles emphasized in the document — "innovationled, reform-oriented, tailored to local conditions and establishing the new before abolishing the old" — also point the way for Hong Kong to press ahead with Northern Metropolis development and pursue economic transformation driven by innovation and technology. Developing new-quality productive forces does not mean mindlessly chasing novelty or discarding traditional strengths, nor does it require Hong Kong to replicate everything being developed on the Mainland. Instead, based on its positioning of being "backed by the Motherland and connected to the world" , Hong Kong should pursue targeted breakthroughs in priority fields. Hong Kong's first Five-year Plan focuses on 16 key technological areas, notably AI, microelectronics and life-health technologies, which is in line with Hong Kong's realities.

Developing new-quality productive forces requires substantial investment. While the Hong Kong SAR Government provides public funding, it must also make good use of market forces. As an international financial center, Hong Kong should further optimize its listing and financing system and mergers-and-acquisitions (M&A) and restructuring mechanisms to channel international and local capital into patient capital supporting innovation and development, so as to fill the funding gap in the innovation and technology ecosystem. At the same time, Hong Kong needs to further optimize its talent attraction policy, building itself into a hub for international high-end talent, thereby contributing Hong Kong's strength to the nation's high-quality development and also achieving Hong Kong's own high-quality development.

词汇

•Boost（增强，推动v.）

To increase or improve something making it more successful.

例：

1.The new resort area has boosted tourism.

2.The company is looking for ways to boost sales.

•Cutting-edge（尖端的，最前沿的adj.）

At the newest, most advanced stage in the development of something.

例：

1.We are planning to develop this cutting-edge technology.

2.This is a cutting-edge design.

•Headlong（鲁莽的／地，轻率的／地adj/adv.）

Very quick or quickly without considering what you are doing.

例：

1.Do not leap headlong into decisions.

2. In the headlong rush to buy houses, many people got into debt.

•Avert （防止／避免 [坏事发生]v.）

To prevent something bad from happening.

例：

1.The diplomatic talks narrowly averted a war.

2.He managed to avert the closure of the factory.

片语

•Set forth sth（提出，阐明）

To explain ideas, or to make rules or suggestions.

例：

1.The contract sets forth the terms of your employment.

2.The board set forth the conditions for her release.

•Step sth up（加快进程，增加尺寸或数量）

To increase the amount, speed, etc. of something.

例：

1.He has stepped up his training to prepare for the race.

2.Security has been stepped up at the airport.

成语

•Under sb's thumb（受⋯⋯的支配）

Under someone's control.

例：

1.He was still under his father's thumb.

2.He's got the committee firmly under his thumb for whatever he asks.

•Bear witness (to sth) （见证，证明）

To show that something is true or exists.

例：

1.The awards on the walls bear witness to his great success.

2.The latest sales figures bear witness to the economic recession.

•Jump on the bandwagon（跟风，赶时髦）

To do something just because other people are doing it.

例：

1.Many farms are jumping on the bandwagon and growing organic foods.

2.He jumped on the bandwagon and bought the latest iPhone.

句子分析

本期社评用到的「举国体制」、「内卷式竞争」等词语，中国媒体有不同的英译。

「举国体制」意指集中全国资源去办一件大事，有媒体译为the whole-nation system 或 nationwide system，意思不够完整。更好的译法是the system for mobilizing the resources nationwide，我们据此根据社评的语境译为its system of being able to mobilize the resources nationwide。

「内卷」一词其实来自英文的involution，可说是evolution（进化）的反义词，意思是「向内演化」或「内部退化」，指某一事物在发展到某个阶段后无法向外突破或升级而只能在内部进行恶性竞争。「内卷式竞争」直接对应的英文词是involution/involutionary competition。

不过，该术语较适用于学术文章。我们采用"rat race" competition 来翻译「内卷式竞争」。Rat race（老鼠赛跑）源自实验室里老鼠在转轮里拼命奔跑却哪里也去不了的景象，形容「永无止境的竞争」或「你死我活的竞争」。另一个比较形象化的表述是cut-throat competition（割喉式竞争）。